Transformer A loading
80%
结果
输入您的负载 → 数秒内获得完整设计及 BOM
示例输出Parallel load sharing
798 / 502 kVA
1300 kVA total across 1000 kVA (uk 6%) + 630 kVA (uk 6%) · Feasible for parallel operation ✓
Transformer B loading
80%
Combined capacity
1630 kVA
Overall load factor
80%
Parallel-operation conditions (IEC 60076)
| Condition | Value | Verdict |
|---|---|---|
| Same vector group | Matched (e.g. Dyn11 = Dyn11) | PASS ✓ |
| Same voltage ratio | 0% difference (≤ 0.5% recommended) | PASS ✓ |
| Impedance within tolerance | |uk_A − uk_B| = 0.0% of mean (≤ 10%) | PASS ✓ |
| Capacity ratio ≤ 3:1 | 1.59 : 1 | PASS ✓ |
Load sharing calculation
| Weight A | Sa ÷ uk_A = 1000 ÷ 6 = 166.7 |
| Weight B | Sb ÷ uk_B = 630 ÷ 6 = 105.0 |
| Load A | 1300 × 166.7 ÷ 271.7 = 798 kVA (80%) |
| Load B | 1300 × 105.0 ÷ 271.7 = 502 kVA (80%) |
Conclusion
The two units can operate in parallel; load splits in inverse proportion to their short-circuit impedance.
Bill of materials
| Equipment | Spec | Qty | Subtotal |
|---|---|---|---|
| Transformer A (oil-immersed S11) | 1000 kVA · uk 6% | 1 | POA |
| Transformer B (oil-immersed S11) | 630 kVA · uk 6% | 1 | POA |
| Total equipment | POA |
适用于为冗余、扩容或 N−1 可靠性而配置并列变压器组的电力系统及厂矿工程师。
使用计算器
计算示例
预先计算的参考示例（可抓取——无需 JavaScript）。在上方输入您自己的参数以获取实时结果。
示例 1——1000 kVA + 630 kVA，阻抗匹配 6%
Parallel load sharing
798 / 502 kVA
1300 kVA total across 1000 kVA (uk 6%) + 630 kVA (uk 6%) · Feasible for parallel operation ✓
Transformer A loading
80%
Transformer B loading
80%
Combined capacity
1630 kVA
Overall load factor
80%
Parallel-operation conditions (IEC 60076)
| Condition | Value | Verdict |
|---|---|---|
| Same vector group | Matched (e.g. Dyn11 = Dyn11) | PASS ✓ |
| Same voltage ratio | 0% difference (≤ 0.5% recommended) | PASS ✓ |
| Impedance within tolerance | |uk_A − uk_B| = 0.0% of mean (≤ 10%) | PASS ✓ |
| Capacity ratio ≤ 3:1 | 1.59 : 1 | PASS ✓ |
Load sharing calculation
| Weight A | Sa ÷ uk_A = 1000 ÷ 6 = 166.7 |
| Weight B | Sb ÷ uk_B = 630 ÷ 6 = 105.0 |
| Load A | 1300 × 166.7 ÷ 271.7 = 798 kVA (80%) |
| Load B | 1300 × 105.0 ÷ 271.7 = 502 kVA (80%) |
Conclusion
The two units can operate in parallel; load splits in inverse proportion to their short-circuit impedance.
Bill of materials
| Equipment | Spec | Qty | Subtotal |
|---|---|---|---|
| Transformer A (oil-immersed S11) | 1000 kVA · uk 6% | 1 | POA |
| Transformer B (oil-immersed S11) | 630 kVA · uk 6% | 1 | POA |
| Total equipment | POA |
示例 2——阻抗与变比不匹配
Parallel load sharing
883 / 417 kVA
1300 kVA total across 1000 kVA (uk 6%) + 630 kVA (uk 8%) · Not recommended — check conditions below ✗
Transformer A loading
88%
Transformer B loading
66%
Combined capacity
1630 kVA
Overall load factor
80%
Parallel-operation conditions (IEC 60076)
| Condition | Value | Verdict |
|---|---|---|
| Same vector group | Matched (e.g. Dyn11 = Dyn11) | PASS ✓ |
| Same voltage ratio | 1.5% difference (≤ 0.5% recommended) | FAIL ✗ |
| Impedance within tolerance | |uk_A − uk_B| = 28.6% of mean (≤ 10%) | FAIL ✗ |
| Capacity ratio ≤ 3:1 | 1.59 : 1 | PASS ✓ |
Load sharing calculation
| Weight A | Sa ÷ uk_A = 1000 ÷ 6 = 166.7 |
| Weight B | Sb ÷ uk_B = 630 ÷ 8 = 78.8 |
| Load A | 1300 × 166.7 ÷ 245.4 = 883 kVA (88%) |
| Load B | 1300 × 78.8 ÷ 245.4 = 417 kVA (66%) |
Circulating current
A 1.5% no-load ratio difference drives a circulating current of ≈ 80 kVA between the two units (adds to the load, does not supply the load).
Bill of materials
| Equipment | Spec | Qty | Subtotal |
|---|---|---|---|
| Transformer A (oil-immersed S11) | 1000 kVA · uk 6% | 1 | POA |
| Transformer B (oil-immersed S11) | 630 kVA · uk 8% | 1 | POA |
| Total equipment | POA |
计算过程
- · 负荷分配权重：每台 w = S_nom ÷ uk。
- · A 台负荷：S_A = S × w_A ÷ (w_A + w_B)；B 台同理。
- · 负载率：S_A ÷ S_nom,A（须保持 ≤ 100%）。
- · 并列条件：联结组别相同、电压比相同（≤0.5%）、阻抗相互偏差在 ±10% 以内、容量比 ≤ 3:1。
- · 环流（变比不匹配）：I_c ≈ ΔU ÷ (Z_A + Z_B)，标幺值。
引用标准
| Standard | Scope |
|---|---|
| IEC 60076-1 | 电力变压器 — 通用要求 |
| IEC 60076-8 | 电力变压器——应用导则 |
| IEEE C57.12.00 | 液浸式配电变压器和电力变压器通用要求标准 |
常见问题
变压器并列运行需满足哪些条件？
按 IEC 60076，并列变压器须匹配：电压比（约 0.5% 以内）、联结组别、阻抗电压 uk（约 10% 以内），且容量比最好小于 3:1。联结组别不匹配会产生环流并严重过热。计算器校核这些条件并给出通过/不通过。
并列变压器之间负荷如何分配？
负荷按阻抗反比分配：uk 越小带的负荷越多。两台同容量、uk 分别 6% 和 4.5% 的变压器按 4.5:6 分载，4.5% 那台带 57%。计算器按阻抗算负荷分配并提示过载。
为什么让变压器并列运行？
并列运行提供冗余（一台检修不停电）、可增量扩容，轻载时只开一台还能提高效率。代价是母线故障水平升高。计算器对并列方案及其故障电流建模。
并列变压器之间的环流是什么？
当并列变压器电压比不等或联结组别不同时，即便空载也有环流，造成额外损耗和发热。1% 变比偏差可产生 5-10% 环流。IEC 60076 把变比差限在约 0.5%。计算器对此校核。
并列变压器会带来多大故障水平？
并列变压器近似叠加短路贡献。两台 1000 kVA、6% uk 变压器在低压母线约 48 kA，而单台约 24 kA，故开关柜须升级。计算器算组合故障水平以便校核柜体额定。
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