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柴发电站计算器

输入持续负载与负载类型,按 75% 最优负载率分配机组(含 N+1),选型 ATS、油箱与集装箱/机房,给出燃油 OPEX 与完整设备清单。

开始计算 计算器

柴发电站如何选型

柴发机组在 70–80% 负载率下运行效率最高。计算器选择标准单机(500–2000 kVA)使运行机组约 75% 负载,再叠加 N+1 备用机组,并按续航天数选型 ATS、油箱与 20/40 ft 集装箱。

计算示例 — 柴发电站

Example 1 — 1200 kW Prime Diesel Station (Containerised, N+1) · FOB $6,480
Diesel power station · prime
2500 kVA
5 × 500 kVA (4 running + 1 standby) · container
Fuel tank
21,600 L
Fuel OPEX
$6,480/day
Est. BOM (FOB)
POA
📦 Bill of Materials
EquipmentModelSpecQty
Diesel generator sets500 kVA × 54 running @ 75% load + 1 standby (N+1) · prime duty · ISO 85285
Paralleling control cabinet5 × 500 kVAsynchronising + GB load-sharing · PLC control1
ATS (grid ↔ genset)3608 Aautomatic transfer switch · mains-to-backup changeover1
Enclosure20 ft containercontainerised genset · weatherproof1
Fuel system21600 Lday tank + bulk storage + piping (3 days autonomy @ 7200 L/day)1
Power & control cablesLVgenerator leads + control wiring1
Silencer & noise attenuationdB(A)residential/urban grade exhaust silencing1
Foundation & secondarycivilconcrete plinth + earthing + protection relay1
Summary
Estimated total (FOB Qingdao, EXW) — priced equipmentPOA
📐 System diagram
G1500 kVAG2500 kVAG3500 kVAG4500 kVAATS3608 AGridutilityCritical loadprime - container
LEGENDBreaker (52)CTCT (current transformer)50/51Protection relaykWhMeter (kWh)
📏 Standard basis
TopicStandard
Genset ratingISO 8528 — reciprocating internal combustion engine driven generating sets
Chinese equivalentGB/T 2820 — 往复式内燃机驱动的交流发电机组
GeneratorIEC 60034 — rotating electrical machines
Genset classificationGB/T 4712 — classification of AC generating sets
🧮 How it was calculated
1. Apparent load = 1200 kW ÷ pf 0.8 = 1500 kVA
2. Unit sizing at 75% load: 1500 kVA ÷ 0.75 = 2000 kVA → standard unit 500 kVA
3. Running units = ceil(1500 ÷ 375) = 4 · +1 standby (N+1)
4. Total installed = 5 × 500 = 2500 kVA (actual load 60%)
5. Fuel = 1200 kW × 24 h × 0.25 L/kWh = 7200 L/day → tank 21600 L (3 days)
6. Fuel OPEX ≈ 7200 L/day × $0.9/L = $6480/day
📋 Design notes
Load factor: Diesel gensets run most efficiently and with least wet-stacking at 70–80% load. The unit count is sized for ~75% load per running set; N+1 adds a standby set for maintenance rotation and peak redundancy.
Duty class: Prime duty: continuous rated output, unlimited hours. Duty class affects permissible load and service interval.
Pricing basis: Genset priced per unit from the diesel-generators reference (FOB Qingdao); ATS from ats-transfer-switches. Paralleling cabinet, enclosure/container, fuel system, cabling, silencing and civil works are quoted per project (POA).
Fuel estimate: Fuel consumption assumes ~0.25 L/kWh at 75% load (typical 180–220 g/kWh, diesel density 0.84). Fuel price $0.9/L is illustrative; confirm local delivered price.
Design review: This is a preliminary sizing. A licensed engineer must verify short-circuit rating, synchronising controls, ventilation and exhaust routing, and local emissions/noise regulations.

计算过程说明

核心公式

视在负载 = kW ÷ 0.8(功率因数)。运行台数 = ceil(kVA ÷ (0.75 × 单机 kVA))。油耗 ≈ 0.25 L/kWh(75% 负载);油箱 = 日耗油 × 续航天数。

适用标准

ISO 8528(发电机组)、GB/T 2820、IEC 60034(发电机)、GB/T 4712(分类)。

常见问题

需要几台柴发?

计算器让每台运行机组保持在约 75% 负载(效率最佳、积碳最少),N+1 下再叠加一台备用机组用于轮换维护与峰值冗余。

集装箱式还是机房式?

集装箱式是工厂预装、防风雨的 20/40 ft 整包,运输与投运快;机房式需土建但适合超大或永久固定安装的电站。

油箱如何选型?

按约 0.25 L/kWh(75% 负载)计算:日耗油 × 续航天数。计算器同时给出日耗油量与油箱容积。

设备清单中哪些有价格?

柴发机组(按台)与 ATS 有价。并机柜、集装箱/机房、油路、电缆、排噪与土建按项目报价。

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结果为工程估算,仅供参考。最终设计须由当地持证工程师根据现场条件和适用规范确认。价格为 FOB 青岛(EXW),不含运费、关税及安装费。

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