Chargers
9
Kalkulator Desain Stasiun Pengisian EV
Ukur trafo dan distribusi untuk stasiun pengisian EV — beban demand, faktor penggunaan simultan, tegangan suplai dan bill of materials referensi.
Untuk konsultan dan pemasang yang merancang layanan listrik dan trafo untuk stasiun pengisian EV AC dan DC.
Gunakan kalkulator
Contoh perhitungan
Contoh referensi yang telah dihitung sebelumnya (dapat dirayapi — tidak memerlukan JavaScript). Masukkan parameter Anda sendiri di atas untuk hasil langsung.
Contoh perhitungan — 4×7 kW + 2×22 kW AC + 2×60 kW + 1×120 kW DC
Station demand
250 kW
263 kVA · 312 kW connected · diversity 0.8
Transformer
315 kVA
Feeder
10 kV
Line current
379 A
Load & transformer sizing
| Quantity | Value |
|---|---|
| Connected load | 312 kW (Σ chargers × rated power) |
| Diversity factor | 0.8 (simultaneous-use factor) |
| Demand load | 312 × 0.8 = 250 kW |
| Demand (apparent) | 250 ÷ 0.95 = 263 kVA |
| Required transformer | next standard ≥ 289 kVA → 315 kVA |
| Supply voltage | 10 kV (MV feed) — recommended for this size |
Recommendation
Design note
10 kV MV service with a 315 kVA distribution transformer
DC fast-charging load is peaky — consider a battery energy-storage system for peak shaving (reduce demand charge).
Pricing basis
Charger unit prices are from the ev-charging-stations price reference (FOB Qingdao, medium confidence); exact models are quoted per project.
Bill of materials
| Equipment | Spec | Qty | Subtotal |
|---|---|---|---|
| AC charger (7 kW) | 7 kW · 1-phase/3-phase | 4 | POA |
| AC charger (22 kW) | 22 kW · 3-phase | 2 | POA |
| DC fast charger (60 kW) | 60 kW · CCS/GB-T | 2 | POA |
| DC fast charger (120 kW) | 120 kW · CCS/GB-T | 1 | POA |
| Distribution transformer | 315 kVA · 10 kV / 0.4 kV · S13 | 1 | POA |
| Total equipment (reference) | POA |
Contoh perhitungan — hub fast-charging DC 4×120 kW
Station demand
432 kW
455 kVA · 480 kW connected · diversity 0.9
Chargers
4
Transformer
630 kVA
Feeder
10 kV
Line current
26 A
Load & transformer sizing
| Quantity | Value |
|---|---|
| Connected load | 480 kW (Σ chargers × rated power) |
| Diversity factor | 0.9 (simultaneous-use factor) |
| Demand load | 480 × 0.9 = 432 kW |
| Demand (apparent) | 432 ÷ 0.95 = 455 kVA |
| Required transformer | next standard ≥ 500 kVA → 630 kVA |
| Supply voltage | 10 kV (MV feed) — recommended for this size |
Recommendation
Design note
10 kV MV service with a 630 kVA distribution transformer
DC fast-charging load is peaky — consider a battery energy-storage system for peak shaving (reduce demand charge).
Pricing basis
Charger unit prices are from the ev-charging-stations price reference (FOB Qingdao, medium confidence); exact models are quoted per project.
Bill of materials
| Equipment | Spec | Qty | Subtotal |
|---|---|---|---|
| DC fast charger (120 kW) | 120 kW · CCS/GB-T | 4 | POA |
| Distribution transformer | 630 kVA · 10 kV / 0.4 kV · S13 | 1 | POA |
| Total equipment (reference) | POA |
Cara perhitungannya
- · Beban terhubung: Σ (jumlah charger × daya rated).
- · Beban demand: Pdemand = Pconnected × faktor diversity.
- · Demand kVA: S = Pdemand ÷ faktor daya.
- · Trafo: kVA standar berikutnya ≥ S × 1,1 (margin desain).
- · Arus saluran: I = S ÷ (√3 · U).
Standar yang dirujuk
| Standard | Scope |
|---|---|
| IEC 61851 | Sistem pengisian konduktif kendaraan listrik |
| GB/T 51313 | Standar teknis untuk fasilitas pengisian EV terdistribusi |
| GB/T 18487 | Sistem pengisian konduktif kendaraan listrik (Tiongkok) |
Pertanyaan yang sering diajukan
How do I size the transformer for an EV charging station?
Sum the charger ratings with a coincidence factor: AC Level 2 chargers are 7-22 kW each, DC fast chargers 60-360 kW. A 10-charger DC station can peak near 500-1200 kVA. Size the Transformer to the coincident peak plus margin, per IEC 61851 and GB/T 51313. The calculator computes demand and transformer kVA.
What is the difference between AC and DC EV charging?
AC charging (Level 2, 7-22 kW) uses the vehicle's onboard charger and takes hours; DC fast charging (60-360 kW) bypasses it and charges to 80% in 20-40 minutes. DC stations need much larger electrical supply and cooling. The calculator models both and sizes supply accordingly.
What is the typical demand factor for an EV charging station?
EV charging is time-correlated, so the demand factor is higher than other loads — 0.7-1.0 for a busy DC fast-charging hub. A fleet depot charging overnight runs 0.8-1.0 simultaneously. The calculator applies a coincidence factor to avoid undersizing the supply.
What supply voltage does a DC fast charging station need?
A small station (a few 60-120 kW chargers) runs on 0.4 kV; a larger hub (500 kW-1.5 MW) needs a 10 kV feed and a dedicated transformer, per GB/T 51313. The calculator selects the supply voltage and transformer from the aggregated charger load.
What charging standard should the station support?
Global standards: CCS (Combined Charging System) and CHAdeMO for DC, GB/T 20234 for China, and Type 2 for AC. A station serving mixed fleets usually offers CCS2 DC plus Type 2 AC. The calculator's design basis assumes IEC 61851-compliant chargers.
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