Magnetic Flux
The total magnetic field passing through the transformer core cross-section, fundamental to electromagnetic energy transfer.
Magnetic flux is the integral of magnetic flux density (B) over the core cross-section, measured in Webers. In a transformer, the alternating flux links primary and secondary windings enabling energy transfer via Faraday law: E = 4.44 × f × N × Φmax.
Core design parameters: flux density B (typically 1.5–1.8 T for silicon steel, lower for amorphous metal at ~1.3 T), cross-section area, and limb geometry determine transformer size.
Excessive flux causes hysteresis and saturation, increasing core loss and harmonic generation. Overexcitation must be avoided.
QDTB optimizes flux density using FEM analysis for minimum losses across all products.
Related Terms
Magnetic Core
The laminated silicon steel assembly providing a low-reluctance path for magnetic flux, backbone of transformer operation.
Eddy Current
Circulating currents induced in conductive materials by changing magnetic fields, causing energy losses in transformers.
Hysteresis Loss
Energy lost in core steel from repeated reversal of magnetic domains each AC cycle, a component of core loss.
Core Loss
Power dissipated in the transformer magnetic core due to hysteresis and eddy currents, also called iron loss or no-load loss.
More Terms Starting with “M”
Magnetic Core
The laminated silicon steel assembly providing a low-reluctance path for magnetic flux, backbone of transformer operation.
Magnetizing Current
The reactive component of no-load current establishing magnetic flux in the transformer core.
Marshalling Box
External enclosure housing transformer control wiring, terminals, and auxiliary circuits for substation connection.
Moisture Content
The amount of water in transformer oil and solid insulation, critical for dielectric strength and insulation life.
More in “Electrical Fundamentals”
Apparent Power (kVA)
The total power in an AC circuit combining real (active) and reactive power, measured in kilovolt-amperes (kVA).
Eddy Current
Circulating currents induced in conductive materials by changing magnetic fields, causing energy losses in transformers.
EMF (Electromotive Force)
The voltage generated by electromagnetic induction in a transformer winding, proportional to flux change and turns.
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